NCLEX Conception Through Adolescence Practice Exam

NCLEX Conception Through Adolescence Practice Exam

Preparing for the NCLEX exam requires a comprehensive understanding of human development, particularly from conception through adolescence. This specialized practice exam is designed to reinforce key concepts in pediatric and developmental nursing care, essential for nursing students and candidates aiming for licensure.

Core Topics Covered:

Prenatal Development: Understand the stages from fertilization to fetal development, including the implantation process and the role of the placenta in gas exchange, waste elimination, and hormonal support.

Neonatal and Infant Care: Learn about the Apgar score assessment, newborn reflexes, and early infant milestones. Recognize the importance of early interventions and family-centered care.

Early Childhood Milestones: Gain insights into the developmental stages of toddlers, including motor skills, language acquisition, and social-emotional development.

School-Age Growth: Explore the physical, cognitive, and psychosocial changes during the school-age years, emphasizing the importance of nutrition, immunization schedules, and anticipatory guidance.

Adolescent Health Considerations: Understand the onset of puberty, common health concerns in adolescents, and the significance of mental health awareness during this stage.

Why Choose This Practice Exam?

Comprehensive Coverage: Addresses all critical stages of human development from conception through adolescence.

Clinical Reasoning Focus: Emphasizes the application of knowledge in clinical scenarios, enhancing critical thinking skills.

Holistic Approach: Supports understanding of physical, cognitive, and psychosocial changes, vital for providing effective nursing interventions.

Ideal for NCLEX Preparation: Serves as a valuable tool for reinforcing coursework and building confidence for the NCLEX exam.

FAQs

Q1: What topics are covered in the NCLEX Conception Through Adolescence Practice Exam?
A1: The exam covers prenatal development, neonatal and infant care, early childhood milestones, school-age growth, and adolescent health considerations.

Q2: How can this practice exam help in NCLEX preparation?
A2: It reinforces key concepts in pediatric and developmental nursing care, enhancing understanding and application of knowledge in clinical scenarios.

Q3: Are there sample questions available in the practice exam?
A3: Yes, the exam includes sample questions on topics such as reflexes, developmental milestones, and common health concerns in adolescents.

Q4: Is this practice exam suitable for nursing students?
A4: Absolutely, it’s designed to support nursing students in reinforcing their understanding of human development and preparing for the NCLEX exam.

Q5: Does the exam focus on clinical reasoning?
A5: Yes, it emphasizes the application of knowledge in clinical scenarios, enhancing critical thinking skills essential for effective nursing practice.

Questions

At what stage does the zygote implant in the uterine wall?
A. Fertilization
B. Blastocyst
C. Embryo
D. Fetus

Which of the following is the primary function of the placenta?
A. Gas exchange between mother and fetus
B. Waste elimination for the fetus
C. Hormonal support for pregnancy
D. All of the above

When can fetal heart sounds typically be detected via Doppler?
A. 4–6 weeks gestation
B. 8–10 weeks gestation
C. 12–14 weeks gestation
D. 16–20 weeks gestation

Which reflex is present at birth and disappears by 4 months of age?
A. Babinski reflex
B. Moro reflex
C. Rooting reflex
D. Palmar grasp

A 2-year-old child should be able to:
A. Skip and jump
B. Say two-word phrases
C. Walk up stairs unassisted
D. Ride a tricycle

The Apgar score assesses a newborn’s:
A. Gestational age
B. Physical health after birth
C. Reflex development
D. Nutritional status

Which is the most common cause of death in adolescents?
A. Drowning
B. Motor vehicle accidents
C. Suicide
D. Cancer

At what stage of development does puberty typically begin for females?
A. Late childhood
B. Early adolescence
C. Middle adolescence
D. Late adolescence

Which milestone is expected at 9 months of age?
A. Crawling
B. Walking without assistance
C. Speaking full sentences
D. Drinking from a cup independently

What is the primary focus during the school-age developmental stage?
A. Initiative vs. guilt
B. Industry vs. inferiority
C. Identity vs. role confusion
D. Autonomy vs. shame

A 7-year-old should be able to:
A. Write their full name
B. Tie shoelaces
C. Use scissors effectively
D. All of the above

Which of the following is a common nutritional concern during adolescence?
A. Protein deficiency
B. Iron deficiency
C. Excessive sodium intake
D. Calcium deficiency

Which immunization is recommended during adolescence?
A. Varicella
B. HPV vaccine
C. Rotavirus
D. Hepatitis A

A preschooler is at which stage of cognitive development according to Piaget?
A. Sensorimotor
B. Preoperational
C. Concrete operational
D. Formal operational

Which action demonstrates the fine motor skills of a 5-year-old?
A. Hopping on one foot
B. Buttoning a shirt
C. Drawing a triangle
D. Both B and C

What is a key concern for a child in middle adolescence?
A. Autonomy
B. Social acceptance
C. Fine motor skill development
D. Language acquisition

Which activity is appropriate for a toddler?
A. Playing board games
B. Scribbling with crayons
C. Riding a bicycle
D. Completing puzzles

Which assessment is most critical for a neonate within the first hour of life?
A. Skin color
B. Blood pressure
C. Blood glucose level
D. Respiratory function

Which of the following is a developmental milestone for a 4-year-old?
A. Naming primary colors
B. Skipping with one leg
C. Reading simple sentences
D. Tying shoelaces

Adolescents are at risk for which mental health condition?
A. Anxiety disorders
B. Depression
C. Eating disorders
D. All of the above

Which condition is common in preterm neonates?
A. Respiratory distress syndrome
B. Jaundice
C. Hypoglycemia
D. All of the above

The anterior fontanel typically closes by:
A. 6 months
B. 12 months
C. 18 months
D. 24 months

At what age should a child be able to speak in full sentences?
A. 2 years
B. 3 years
C. 4 years
D. 5 years

Which Erickson stage corresponds to infancy?
A. Trust vs. mistrust
B. Autonomy vs. shame
C. Initiative vs. guilt
D. Industry vs. inferiority

At what age does stranger anxiety typically begin?
A. 4–6 months
B. 6–8 months
C. 10–12 months
D. 12–14 months

Which intervention is appropriate for a child in the preoperational stage?
A. Providing abstract reasoning problems
B. Using concrete objects for learning
C. Encouraging hypothetical thinking
D. Emphasizing logical sequences

A neonate is diagnosed with jaundice. What is the most common cause?
A. Premature liver function
B. Infection
C. Genetic disorders
D. Overproduction of bilirubin

Which characteristic is typical of a school-age child?
A. Egocentrism
B. Logical thinking
C. Abstract thinking
D. Symbolic play

What is a primary focus of adolescent health promotion?
A. Encouraging social skills
B. Addressing risky behaviors
C. Enhancing motor development
D. Increasing cognitive stimulation

Which play activity is appropriate for an infant?
A. Coloring
B. Peek-a-boo
C. Building blocks
D. Playing with friends

Which stage of prenatal development is most susceptible to teratogens?
A. Germinal stage
B. Embryonic stage
C. Fetal stage
D. Preconception

What is the primary function of surfactant in the fetal lungs?
A. Prevent infections
B. Reduce surface tension
C. Improve oxygenation
D. Strengthen lung muscles

Which reflex is tested by stroking the bottom of an infant’s foot?
A. Moro reflex
B. Babinski reflex
C. Rooting reflex
D. Palmar grasp reflex

At what age does a child typically achieve complete bladder control during the daytime?
A. 12 months
B. 18 months
C. 24 months
D. 36 months

Which of the following is a warning sign of delayed language development?
A. Not saying any words by 12 months
B. Using only one-word phrases at 18 months
C. Limited vocabulary at 2 years
D. All of the above

What is the average weight gain for a child during the first year of life?
A. 6–8 pounds
B. 10–15 pounds
C. 20–25 pounds
D. 30–35 pounds

Which developmental milestone is typically achieved at 6 months?
A. Sitting without support
B. Crawling
C. Pulling to stand
D. Walking with assistance

What is a common nutritional deficiency during childhood?
A. Vitamin D
B. Iron
C. Calcium
D. All of the above

Which type of play is characteristic of toddlers?
A. Cooperative play
B. Solitary play
C. Parallel play
D. Competitive play

Which age group is at the highest risk for accidental poisoning?
A. Infants
B. Toddlers
C. Preschoolers
D. School-age children

Which vital sign typically decreases as a child grows older?
A. Heart rate
B. Blood pressure
C. Respiratory rate
D. Temperature

A mother reports that her 3-year-old is wetting the bed after being toilet trained. What could this indicate?
A. UTI
B. Regression due to stress
C. Insufficient hydration
D. Normal developmental stage

Which immunization is first given to infants before hospital discharge?
A. Hepatitis A
B. Hepatitis B
C. DTaP
D. MMR

What is the most common cause of anemia in adolescents?
A. Iron deficiency
B. Vitamin B12 deficiency
C. Folate deficiency
D. Sickle cell disease

At what age does the posterior fontanel close?
A. 2 months
B. 4 months
C. 6 months
D. 12 months

Which of the following is a primary concern for adolescents with chronic illnesses?
A. Social isolation
B. Identity formation
C. Medication adherence
D. All of the above

What is a key feature of Piaget’s concrete operational stage?
A. Hypothetical reasoning
B. Conservation
C. Egocentrism
D. Symbolic thinking

Which developmental milestone is expected at 3 years of age?
A. Riding a tricycle
B. Counting to 20
C. Writing their name
D. Jumping rope

Which intervention is most effective for a preschooler experiencing separation anxiety?
A. Ignoring their distress
B. Providing consistent routines
C. Allowing extended goodbyes
D. Avoiding separation entirely

Which assessment finding indicates readiness for toilet training?
A. Dry diapers for 4 hours
B. Verbal communication about the need to void
C. Interest in bathroom activities
D. Both B and C

What is a critical element of health promotion during adolescence?
A. Encouraging regular exercise
B. Educating about safe sexual practices
C. Promoting healthy dietary habits
D. All of the above

Which milestone is expected at 12 months?
A. Walking independently
B. Saying 5–10 words
C. Using a spoon independently
D. Building a tower with blocks

At what age do most children develop a dominant hand?
A. 12 months
B. 18 months
C. 2–3 years
D. 4–5 years

Which of the following is a sign of puberty in boys?
A. Breast development
B. Voice deepening
C. Onset of menstruation
D. Hairline changes

A 5-year-old child should be able to:
A. Tie shoelaces
B. Read simple sentences
C. Draw a person with six body parts
D. Solve multiplication problems

Which factor has the greatest influence on a child’s growth and development?
A. Genetics
B. Nutrition
C. Environmental exposure
D. All of the above

What is a key nursing intervention for hospitalized toddlers?
A. Allowing parental participation in care
B. Promoting socialization with other children
C. Encouraging independence in decision-making
D. Teaching about their illness in detail

Which assessment tool is used to evaluate pain in a nonverbal infant?
A. Wong-Baker FACES scale
B. FLACC scale
C. Numeric pain scale
D. Visual analog scale

When should an infant begin receiving solid foods?
A. 2 months
B. 4–6 months
C. 8–10 months
D. 12 months

Which screening test is recommended for all newborns?
A. Vision screening
B. Hearing screening
C. Bone density screening
D. Neurological screening

At what age does the anterior fontanel typically close?
A. 6 months
B. 12 months
C. 18 months
D. 24 months

Which of the following behaviors is expected in a 4-year-old child?
A. Telling a simple story
B. Writing their full name
C. Solving math problems
D. Riding a bicycle

What is the recommended daily intake of vitamin D for infants under 12 months?
A. 200 IU
B. 400 IU
C. 600 IU
D. 800 IU

Which reflex typically disappears by 4 months of age?
A. Moro reflex
B. Rooting reflex
C. Babinski reflex
D. Tonic neck reflex

What type of play is most common in preschool-age children?
A. Solitary play
B. Parallel play
C. Associative play
D. Cooperative play

Which of the following developmental milestones is expected at 18 months?
A. Saying 2–3 words
B. Running steadily
C. Using a spoon independently
D. Walking up stairs with assistance

What is the most common cause of death in children under 1 year old?
A. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
B. Accidental injury
C. Birth defects
D. Infectious diseases

Which immunization is given at 2 months of age?
A. MMR
B. DTaP
C. Varicella
D. Hepatitis A

Which condition is indicated by a “blueberry muffin” rash in a newborn?
A. Congenital rubella syndrome
B. Neonatal lupus
C. Erythema toxicum
D. Measles

What is the most appropriate way to explain a procedure to a preschooler?
A. Using simple, age-appropriate language
B. Providing detailed medical explanations
C. Avoiding explanation to prevent anxiety
D. Showing them medical equipment

At what age do children typically begin to lose their primary teeth?
A. 4 years
B. 6 years
C. 8 years
D. 10 years

What is the expected weight gain during the first 6 months of life?
A. Birth weight doubles
B. Birth weight triples
C. 1–2 pounds per month
D. None of the above

Which of the following is a common fear for school-age children?
A. Strangers
B. Loss of independence
C. Being separated from parents
D. Physical injury

What is the recommended age to begin routine vision screening in children?
A. 6 months
B. 12 months
C. 3 years
D. 5 years

Which of the following is a major cause of iron deficiency anemia in toddlers?
A. Excessive milk intake
B. Prematurity
C. Low birth weight
D. Poor breastfeeding practices

At what age is autism spectrum disorder typically diagnosed?
A. 12–18 months
B. 2–3 years
C. 4–5 years
D. After 6 years

Which statement is true about adolescents’ growth patterns?
A. Boys grow faster than girls during early adolescence.
B. Girls experience growth spurts before boys.
C. Growth spurts occur at the same time for boys and girls.
D. Girls have growth spurts after boys.

Which of the following is an appropriate intervention for an infant with colic?
A. Increasing feeding intervals
B. Rocking and soothing the baby
C. Feeding the baby more frequently
D. Letting the baby cry it out

What is the most effective way to prevent dental caries in school-age children?
A. Fluoride supplements
B. Regular brushing and flossing
C. Avoiding sugary foods
D. Dental sealants

Which developmental milestone is expected by age 2?
A. Walking up and down stairs without help
B. Drawing a circle
C. Saying 2- to 3-word sentences
D. Tying shoelaces

What is the purpose of the APGAR score in newborns?
A. To assess growth and weight
B. To evaluate overall health at birth
C. To monitor feeding ability
D. To predict long-term developmental outcomes

Which condition is most commonly screened for in the neonatal period?
A. Cystic fibrosis
B. Sickle cell disease
C. Phenylketonuria (PKU)
D. All of the above

Which statement about infant nutrition is correct?
A. Breastfeeding should continue until 3 months of age.
B. Whole milk is suitable for infants under 12 months.
C. Solids should be introduced around 4–6 months of age.
D. Infants need no supplementation if formula-fed.

What is the primary developmental task for adolescents, according to Erikson?
A. Autonomy vs. Shame
B. Identity vs. Role Confusion
C. Initiative vs. Guilt
D. Intimacy vs. Isolation

Which type of car seat is recommended for a 2-year-old child?
A. Booster seat
B. Rear-facing car seat
C. Forward-facing car seat
D. No car seat required

Which of the following conditions can result from untreated jaundice in newborns?
A. Anemia
B. Kernicterus
C. Sepsis
D. Respiratory distress

What is the primary cause of failure to thrive in infants?
A. Genetic disorders
B. Nutritional neglect
C. Infections
D. Food allergies

What is the most appropriate toy for a 9-month-old infant?
A. Stuffed animal
B. Musical toy with buttons
C. Board game
D. Coloring book

Which of the following foods is safe for infants under 1 year?
A. Honey
B. Cow’s milk
C. Mashed bananas
D. Popcorn

Which of the following conditions is associated with poor prenatal folic acid intake?
A. Down syndrome
B. Neural tube defects
C. Premature birth
D. Gestational diabetes

Which age group is most likely to engage in magical thinking?
A. Infants
B. Toddlers
C. Preschoolers
D. Adolescents

At what age can most children use scissors proficiently?
A. 2 years
B. 3 years
C. 4 years
D. 5 years

Which activity is most appropriate for a hospitalized 6-year-old child?
A. Watching cartoons
B. Building with blocks
C. Reading a book with a parent
D. Playing board games with peers

At what age should children start regular dental visits?
A. 6 months
B. 1 year
C. 3 years
D. 5 years

Which physical assessment finding is normal in a 2-year-old?
A. Bowed legs
B. Pigeon chest
C. Barrel chest
D. Flat feet

What is the most common cause of death in adolescents?
A. Cancer
B. Motor vehicle accidents
C. Drug overdose
D. Infectious diseases

Which immunization is recommended at 11–12 years of age?
A. Rotavirus
B. HPV vaccine
C. Hepatitis B
D. MMR booster

Which developmental milestone is typically reached by 9 months of age?
A. Walking independently
B. Saying single words like “mama”
C. Standing alone without support
D. Pincer grasp

What is the normal respiratory rate for a 3-year-old child?
A. 10–20 breaths/min
B. 20–30 breaths/min
C. 30–40 breaths/min
D. 40–50 breaths/min

What is the first solid food typically introduced to an infant?
A. Pureed fruits
B. Pureed vegetables
C. Iron-fortified cereal
D. Mashed potatoes

Which action helps reduce separation anxiety in toddlers?
A. Sneaking out of the room when leaving
B. Prolonging goodbyes
C. Providing a favorite toy or blanket
D. Explaining the situation in adult terms

Which Erikson stage is associated with toddlers?
A. Trust vs. Mistrust
B. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
C. Initiative vs. Guilt
D. Industry vs. Inferiority

Which statement is true about puberty?
A. Boys start puberty earlier than girls.
B. Girls typically complete puberty by age 14.
C. Puberty lasts the same amount of time for everyone.
D. The timing of puberty is influenced by genetics and environment.

At what age does object permanence typically develop?
A. 3 months
B. 6 months
C. 9 months
D. 12 months

Which food should be avoided in children under 1 year to prevent botulism?
A. Eggs
B. Honey
C. Peanut butter
D. Strawberries

What is a key sign of developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants?
A. Bowed legs
B. Asymmetrical thigh folds
C. Positive Babinski reflex
D. Delayed crawling

At what age can children typically tie their shoelaces?
A. 3 years
B. 4 years
C. 5 years
D. 6 years

Which of the following is an expected language milestone for a 2-year-old?
A. Saying 50 words
B. Speaking in 2- to 3-word sentences
C. Telling a short story
D. Naming all colors

Which behavior indicates readiness for toilet training?
A. Walking independently
B. Staying dry for 2 hours
C. Removing wet diapers
D. Sitting for 5 minutes

What is the first sign of puberty in girls?
A. Menarche
B. Breast development
C. Growth of pubic hair
D. Growth spurt

Which reflex helps infants latch onto a nipple for feeding?
A. Moro reflex
B. Rooting reflex
C. Grasp reflex
D. Babinski reflex

At what age should iron supplementation begin for breastfed infants?
A. 1 month
B. 4 months
C. 6 months
D. 9 months

What is a common sign of teething in infants?
A. Rash
B. Fever over 102°F
C. Drooling and irritability
D. Refusal to eat solid foods

Which Piaget stage corresponds to preschool-age children?
A. Sensorimotor
B. Preoperational
C. Concrete operational
D. Formal operational

Which of the following is an appropriate toy for a 12-month-old?
A. Building blocks
B. Crayons
C. Puzzle with small pieces
D. Board games

What is the leading cause of accidental poisoning in toddlers?
A. Medications
B. Household cleaners
C. Plants
D. Cosmetics

Which type of play is expected in toddlers?
A. Solitary play
B. Parallel play
C. Cooperative play
D. Associative play

What is the primary nutritional concern for adolescents?
A. Protein deficiency
B. Calcium deficiency
C. Iron deficiency
D. Excess sugar intake

At what age can children generally begin using a tricycle?
A. 1 year
B. 2 years
C. 3 years
D. 4 years

What is a normal hemoglobin level for a 2-year-old child?
A. 10–11 g/dL
B. 12–15 g/dL
C. 16–18 g/dL
D. 18–20 g/dL

Which activity is most appropriate for a hospitalized 2-year-old?
A. Coloring with crayons
B. Watching educational videos
C. Playing with a push-pull toy
D. Playing a card game

What is the leading cause of death in children under 1 year of age?
A. Motor vehicle accidents
B. Congenital anomalies
C. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
D. Infectious diseases

Which reflex typically disappears by 4 months of age?
A. Moro reflex
B. Rooting reflex
C. Babinski reflex
D. Palmar grasp reflex

At what age can most children ride a bicycle without training wheels?
A. 3 years
B. 5 years
C. 6 years
D. 8 years

Which type of play is most common in preschool-age children?
A. Parallel play
B. Solitary play
C. Cooperative play
D. Associative play

Which developmental milestone is expected for a 4-year-old?
A. Hopping on one foot
B. Writing their name
C. Drawing a person with six body parts
D. Skipping

Which finding is an early sign of puberty in boys?
A. Deepening of the voice
B. Growth of facial hair
C. Enlargement of the testes
D. Growth spurt

What is the first priority for a nurse assessing a neonate immediately after delivery?
A. Administering vitamin K
B. Drying the infant
C. Performing the APGAR assessment
D. Initiating breastfeeding

Which immunization is contraindicated in a child with a severe egg allergy?
A. Influenza
B. MMR
C. Varicella
D. Hepatitis B

At what age should a child be screened for scoliosis?
A. 6–8 years
B. 10–12 years
C. 14–16 years
D. Only if symptomatic

What is the primary psychosocial task of adolescence according to Erikson?
A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
B. Industry vs. Inferiority
C. Identity vs. Role Confusion
D. Intimacy vs. Isolation

What is the most effective way to prevent sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
A. Use of a pacifier at bedtime
B. Placing the baby on their back to sleep
C. Avoiding co-sleeping
D. Breastfeeding exclusively

Which statement reflects Piaget’s concrete operational stage?
A. “The sun is sad because it’s raining.”
B. “If I pour this water into a taller glass, it’s still the same amount.”
C. “I think the tooth fairy is real.”
D. “When I grow up, I want to be an astronaut.”

Which nutritional deficiency is most common in preschool-age children?
A. Vitamin D
B. Calcium
C. Iron
D. Vitamin C

At what age do children typically develop the ability to understand the concept of conservation?
A. 2–4 years
B. 5–7 years
C. 8–10 years
D. 11–12 years

Which action is a safety priority for parents of toddlers?
A. Installing cabinet locks
B. Encouraging helmet use during play
C. Teaching proper handwashing
D. Monitoring screen time

Which is a normal finding in an adolescent physical assessment?
A. Irregular menstrual cycles in the first year
B. Absence of pubic hair by age 14
C. Delayed growth spurt until age 18
D. Scoliosis curve over 15 degrees

Which activity is appropriate for a 7-year-old child recovering in the hospital?
A. Reading a book
B. Playing peek-a-boo
C. Building a model airplane
D. Assembling a 500-piece puzzle

At what age can children typically begin to recognize letters and numbers?
A. 18 months
B. 2 years
C. 4 years
D. 5 years

What is the most appropriate intervention for a child experiencing night terrors?
A. Waking the child during the episode
B. Providing a comforting environment before bedtime
C. Encouraging the child to discuss their dreams
D. Limiting fluids before bedtime

Which food is most suitable for a 9-month-old infant?
A. Popcorn
B. Grapes
C. Mashed bananas
D. Raw carrots

What is a hallmark sign of measles (rubeola) in children?
A. Maculopapular rash starting on the trunk
B. Koplik spots in the mouth
C. High fever and conjunctivitis
D. Swollen parotid glands

Which type of play is most appropriate for a 10-month-old infant?
A. Watching videos
B. Stacking rings
C. Playing board games
D. Reading simple stories

What is a primary health promotion activity for school-age children?
A. Encouraging frequent naps
B. Monitoring for screen time overuse
C. Promoting peer group activities
D. Teaching basic reproductive health

Which statement by a parent indicates understanding of safe infant feeding practices?
A. “I can give my baby cow’s milk at 9 months.”
B. “I will introduce solid foods starting with iron-fortified cereal.”
C. “I should add honey to sweeten baby food.”
D. “I will dilute formula if my baby gains too much weight.”

Which milestone is typically achieved by age 3?
A. Using scissors
B. Skipping
C. Climbing stairs with alternating feet
D. Writing full sentences

Which intervention is most important when caring for a child with asthma?
A. Administering antihistamines
B. Educating about peak flow monitoring
C. Restricting physical activity
D. Providing high-calorie snacks

Which age group is most concerned with body image?
A. Infants
B. Toddlers
C. School-age children
D. Adolescents

What is an expected assessment finding in a neonate with jaundice?
A. Bluish tint to the skin
B. Yellowing of the sclera and skin
C. Pinkish-red rash on the trunk
D. Cyanosis of the hands and feet

What is the best way to assess a preschooler’s perception of pain?
A. Using a numeric pain scale
B. Asking them to point to a face that shows how they feel
C. Observing for changes in vital signs
D. Asking the parent to describe their child’s behavior

Which fine motor skill is typically developed by a 12-month-old infant?
A. Using a pincer grasp
B. Holding a crayon and scribbling
C. Building a tower of two blocks
D. Drawing a straight line

What is the primary focus of health promotion for a school-age child?
A. Potty training
B. Nutritional education
C. Preventing peer pressure
D. Encouraging independent play

Which of the following is a developmental milestone for a 9-month-old?
A. Walking independently
B. Saying two-word sentences
C. Waving “bye-bye”
D. Building a tower of blocks

At what age should a child receive their first dose of the MMR vaccine?
A. 6 months
B. 12–15 months
C. 2 years
D. 4–6 years

Which behavior is typical of a toddler?
A. Understanding complex instructions
B. Engaging in parallel play
C. Sharing toys easily
D. Writing their name

Which statement by a parent indicates the need for further education about injury prevention in infants?
A. “I always check the temperature of the bathwater.”
B. “I leave small toys in the crib for my baby to play with.”
C. “I never leave my baby unattended on the changing table.”
D. “I ensure that my baby’s car seat is rear-facing.”

What is an expected gross motor milestone for a 6-month-old?
A. Sitting without support
B. Rolling from back to stomach
C. Crawling
D. Pulling to a stand

Which reflex is normal in a newborn but should disappear by 2 months?
A. Tonic neck reflex
B. Moro reflex
C. Rooting reflex
D. Stepping reflex

What is the recommended daily calcium intake for an adolescent?
A. 500 mg
B. 800 mg
C. 1,300 mg
D. 1,500 mg

What is the most appropriate toy for a hospitalized 8-month-old?
A. Board book
B. Rattle
C. Stuffed animal with button eyes
D. Small puzzle pieces

Which symptom is most concerning in a 5-year-old with chickenpox?
A. Itchy rash
B. Fever of 101°F (38.3°C)
C. Decreased appetite
D. Lethargy and difficulty waking up

Which activity is most appropriate for a 3-year-old child?
A. Playing hide and seek
B. Reading a chapter book
C. Riding a tricycle
D. Solving a 100-piece puzzle

Which developmental stage involves the emergence of logical thinking according to Piaget?
A. Sensorimotor
B. Preoperational
C. Concrete operational
D. Formal operational

What is the best method to introduce solid foods to an infant?
A. Mix solid foods with formula
B. Offer one new food every 3–5 days
C. Provide small pieces of adult food
D. Start with fruit juices

Which immunization is typically administered at birth?
A. DTaP
B. Hepatitis B
C. MMR
D. Rotavirus

Which gross motor skill should a 2-year-old be able to perform?
A. Skipping
B. Climbing stairs with assistance
C. Jumping with both feet
D. Balancing on one foot

Which milestone is typically achieved by a 5-year-old child?
A. Tying their shoelaces
B. Riding a bicycle without training wheels
C. Writing simple sentences
D. Counting to 100

Which age group is most likely to experience imaginary friends?
A. Infants
B. Toddlers
C. Preschoolers
D. School-age children

What is the priority nursing intervention for a child with otitis media?
A. Teaching ear cleaning techniques
B. Administering prescribed antibiotics
C. Restricting physical activity
D. Monitoring for signs of hearing loss

Which type of play is expected for a 6-month-old infant?
A. Solitary play
B. Associative play
C. Cooperative play
D. Pretend play

At what age do children typically begin losing their primary teeth?
A. 4 years
B. 6 years
C. 8 years
D. 10 years

Which nutritional advice is most appropriate for parents of a 3-year-old?
A. Provide whole milk for calcium intake
B. Avoid serving vegetables with meals
C. Serve small, frequent meals and snacks
D. Restrict all fats from the diet

What is the first sign of puberty in girls?
A. Menarche
B. Breast budding
C. Growth spurt
D. Pubic hair development

Which action should the nurse recommend to prevent diaper rash?
A. Apply powder at every diaper change
B. Use only cloth diapers
C. Change diapers frequently and keep the area dry
D. Avoid using barrier creams

Which assessment finding in a neonate requires immediate intervention?
A. Jaundice appearing within 24 hours
B. Caput succedaneum
C. Bluish discoloration of the hands and feet
D. Crying immediately after birth

Which is a normal respiratory rate for a 1-year-old child?
A. 12–20 breaths per minute
B. 20–30 breaths per minute
C. 40–60 breaths per minute
D. 60–80 breaths per minute

Which behavior indicates readiness for toilet training?
A. Hiding during bowel movements
B. Waking up dry from naps
C. Showing interest in using the toilet
D. All of the above

Which of the following is a priority nursing diagnosis for an adolescent diagnosed with anorexia nervosa?
A. Risk for social isolation
B. Altered body image
C. Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
D. Impaired parenting

Which finding is expected in a child with croup?
A. Wheezing on expiration
B. Barking cough
C. Productive cough with green sputum
D. Crackles on auscultation

What is the appropriate response to a parent concerned about their child’s temper tantrums?
A. “Ignore the tantrums as much as possible.”
B. “Discipline your child every time they have a tantrum.”
C. “Give the child what they want to avoid the tantrum.”
D. “Discuss the tantrums with your pediatrician immediately.”

Which of the following is a common cause of iron deficiency anemia in toddlers?
A. Excessive milk intake
B. High intake of citrus fruits
C. Low carbohydrate diet
D. Early introduction of solid foods

At what age is it appropriate to introduce honey into a child’s diet?
A. 6 months
B. 9 months
C. 12 months
D. 18 months

Which of the following is a priority assessment for a child with suspected epiglottitis?
A. Throat inspection with a tongue depressor
B. Auscultation of lung sounds
C. Measurement of oxygen saturation
D. Assessment of hydration status

What is the most appropriate action when a 4-year-old child refuses to take oral medication?
A. Mix the medication in a favorite food
B. Administer the medication intravenously
C. Explain the importance of the medication
D. Offer a choice between two forms of the medication

Which of the following is a characteristic of the preoperational stage of cognitive development according to Piaget?
A. Abstract thinking
B. Logical reasoning
C. Egocentrism
D. Conservation

Which immunization is contraindicated in a child with a severe allergy to eggs?
A. MMR
B. Varicella
C. Influenza
D. Hepatitis B

What is the recommended position for a sleeping infant to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
A. Prone
B. Supine
C. Side-lying
D. Semi-Fowler’s

Which of the following is an expected finding in a child with Kawasaki disease?
A. Strawberry tongue
B. Koplik spots
C. Sandpaper rash
D. Bull’s eye rash

At what age should a child be able to use a spoon without spilling?
A. 12 months
B. 18 months
C. 24 months
D. 36 months

Which of the following is a priority nursing intervention for an adolescent with a diagnosis of depression?
A. Encouraging participation in group therapy
B. Monitoring for signs of self-harm
C. Providing information about antidepressant medications
D. Discussing future career goals

What is the appropriate action when a toddler is having a temper tantrum in a public place?
A. Give in to the child’s demands to stop the tantrum
B. Punish the child immediately to discourage the behavior
C. Ignore the behavior and ensure the child’s safety
D. Leave the child alone until the tantrum subsides

Which of the following is a sign of developmental dysplasia of the hip in an infant?
A. Symmetrical gluteal folds
B. Negative Ortolani test
C. Limited abduction of the affected hip
D. Equal leg lengths

What is the most appropriate toy for a hospitalized school-age child?
A. Rattle
B. Coloring book and crayons
C. Stuffed animal
D. Video game console

Which of the following is a common side effect of stimulant medications used to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children?
A. Weight gain
B. Increased appetite
C. Insomnia
D. Bradycardia

At what age should a child be able to ride a bicycle without training wheels?
A. 3 years
B. 5 years
C. 7 years
D. 9 years

Which of the following is an appropriate dietary recommendation for a child with celiac disease?
A. Include whole wheat bread
B. Avoid rice and corn products
C. Provide a gluten-free diet
D. Encourage intake of barley and rye

What is the priority nursing action for a child experiencing a tonic-clonic seizure?
A. Restrain the child’s movements to prevent injury
B. Place a tongue blade in the child’s mouth
C. Turn the child to the side to maintain airway patency
D. Administer anticonvulsant medication immediately

Which of the following is a sign of increased intracranial pressure in an infant?
A. Sunken fontanel
B. High-pitched cry
C. Hypotonia
D. Bradycardia

At what age should a child receive the first dose of the varicella vaccine?
A. 6 months
B. 12–15 months
C. 2 years
D. 4–6 years

Which of the following is an expected finding in a child with nephrotic syndrome?
A. Hyperalbuminemia
B. Hypertension
C. Generalized edema
D. Hematuria

What is the most appropriate intervention for a child with nocturnal enuresis?
A. Restrict fluids after noon
B. Punish the child for bed-wetting
C. Encourage the child to void before bedtime
D. Wake the child every hour during the night to void

Which of the following is a common manifestation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children?
A. Hyperactivity
B. Petechiae
C. Weight gain
D. Hypertension

At what age should a child be able to draw a person with three parts?
A. 2 years
B. 3 years
C. 4 years
D. 5 years

Which of the following is a priority assessment for a child with asthma?
A. Measuring blood pressure
B. Assessing breath sounds
C. Checking capillary refill
D. Monitoring urine output